Factors that led to the defeat of the Aztec and Inca Empire

The essay will be based on the question, “What factors led to the defeat of the Aztec and Inca empires?” Answer the question posed with clear, specific examples and cover all the important topics with detailed explanations from the modules.
The only resources you can use is the from the textbook that I have attached to, it should cover the first half of the textbook. Any sources from the internet and/or from another textbook will not be allowed.