“Categorization of
Approaches to or Models for
DM”
Dr Ramesh [email protected]
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Southampton Business School
Week 5
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DM Models
Rational
Administrative
Garbage-Can
Political
General DM Approaches or Models (Mainly for retrospective analysis*)
(Boddy, 2014; Combe, 2014)
* Different from Methods & Processes you intentionally choose to make decisions (we will see these later).
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https://vevox.app/#/m/106-703-025
DM Models
106-703-025
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1) Which one best defines you:
1. I often decide/judge using detailed reason & facts &logic rather than emotions/feelings.
2. I rarely decide/judge using detailed reason & facts & logic rather than emotions/feelings.
3. I always decide/judge using detailed reason & facts & logic rather than emotions/feelings.
4. I sometimes decide/judge using detailed reason & facts & logic rather than emotions/feelings.
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• Goals, alternatives, info: Known, agreed, available, dependable/trustable
• Problem: Structured, detached from the context, under control, full info, static
• Decision makers: Rational, able to process all information, DM experts
• E.g.: Opening a bank account; ordering normal material in a mass construction
project
DM Models 1: Rational Model
(Boddy, 2014)
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DM Models
106-703-025
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I think this model will make decision making in complex projects …
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We and Rationality! (self-reflection)
Using ‘Rational Model of DM’ in projects in the light of ‘Lens Model of Judgment’.
https://www.linkedin.com/posts/major-projects-knowledge-hub_the-absurdity-in-managing-the-unexpected-ugcPost-6894219570194845696-L7cH
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DM Models 2: Administrative Model
• Goals, alternatives, info can be: Unknown,
disagreed, unavailable, uncertain
• Problem: non-structured/non-programmed
• Basis: Bounded rationality, satisficing
apply, use of intuition.
• Decision Makers: not perfect, have
limitations and filters, satisfice not
optimize, could make good/acceptable
decisions based on intuition.
• E.g.: Traditional, highly experienced PMs!
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EPPP Study Video – ADMINISTRATIVE MODEL OF DECISION-MAKING https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=My-43_3Im6U
Bases of Intuitive DM
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(Combe, 2014, p.235)
Decision basis: Memories of the past similar situations that worked or not.
Decision basis: Feeling or emotions sensitive to the environment.
Decision basis: Psychologically dependent understanding & comprehension leading to a decision. (successful business DMks)
Decision basis: Ethical values determine ‘right or wrong’.
Decision basis: Natural, unconscious reactions.
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DM Models 2: Administrative ModelIntuition
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DM Models 3: Garbage-can DM
Goals, problem, alternatives, info can be:
irrelevant, random, unclear
Basis: personal preferences, irrational choices
Decision Makers: Chance meetings,
conversations, etc.
E.g.: Hardware before software (IBM, Siemens,
etc.)
(Boddy, 2014)
Problem
SolutionsDecision Makers
THE ORIGIN OF THE GARBAGE CAN MODEL THEORY, (Prof. Cohen Interview)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=raTM7OSSQ8k
Is the result always undesirable?!
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DM Models 4: Political DM
political Model/Compromise
Organisations: groups with special interests,
goals and values, priorities, disagreements.
Basis: Ambiguous and incomplete info on
complex problems.
Decision method: debates, bargains,
compromises despite differences.
E.g.: Merger/portfolio decisions in an
organization made by CEO and the board; or
Political campaigns
(Boddy, 2014)
Example of Models
Do you remember of any decision in a
project/case study that could represent one
of these models more than the others?
Could you give an example?
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